PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES

 

e-ISSN 2231-8534
ISSN 0128-7702

Home / Regular Issue / JSSH Vol. 32 (3) Sep. 2024 / JSSH-8974-2023

 

The Effect of Pre-Competition Anxiety on Tennis Accuracy Shot Performance Among Malaysian Varsity Tennis Players

Wan Ahmad Munsif Wan Pa, Mohamad Rahizam Abdul Rahim, Nur Shakila Mazalan, Mohamad Nizam Nazarudin, Wan Rezawana Wan Daud and Mohd Firdaus Abdullah

Pertanika Journal of Social Science and Humanities, Volume 32, Issue 3, September 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.32.3.07

Keywords: Accuracy, anxiety, pre-competition, tennis, varsity

Published on: 27 September 2024

Athletes with high levels of anxiety may take wrong actions and cause athletes to not be able to perform well. Specifically, when pre-competition anxiety problems occur, this situation can affect the accuracy of the shots in tennis. Therefore, this study identifies the effect of pre-competition anxiety on tennis forehand (FH) and backhand (BH) accuracy shots among Malaysian varsity tennis players. This study uses quantitative cross-sectional survey research. This research used the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2) questionnaire and the tennis forehand (FH) and backhand (BH) accuracy shot instrument to survey 60 respondents utilizing a convenient sampling technique. The descriptive data showed high cognitive and physical anxiety and low self-confidence 24 hours before the competition. Researchers used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 25, to perform inferential statistical analysis related to the Simple Linear Regression Test and concluded that pre-competition anxiety had a significant impact on tennis forehand (FH) and backhand (BH) accuracy shots, accounting for 10.1% of the variance. These findings imply that an excessive level of pre-competition anxiety has a significant negative impact on tennis forehand (FH) and backhand (BH) accuracy shots. The conclusion is that pre-competition anxiety poses a significant threat to the accuracy of tennis forehand (FH) and backhand (BH) accuracy shot performance. Solutions are desperately needed, such as meditation, self-talk, imagery, and sports massage intervention, which may control pre-competition anxiety and subsequently accurately perform tennis forehand (FH) and backhand (BH) shots.

  • Adom, D., Hussain, E. K., & Joe, A. A. (2018). Theoretical and conceptual framework: Mandatory ingredients theoretical and conceptual framework: Mandatory ingredients engineering. International Journal of Scientific Research, 7(1), 93-98.

  • Athan, A. N., & Sampson, U. I. (2013). Coping with pre-competitive anxiety in sports competition. European Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 1(1), 1-9.

  • Ayuso-Moreno, R., Fuentes-Garcia, J. P., Collado-Mateo, D., & Villafaina, S. (2020). Heart rate variability and pre-competitive anxiety according to the demanding level of the match in female soccer athletes. Physiology & Behavior, 222, Article 112926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112926

  • Bernama. (2017. August 30). 145 pingat emas penyeri Merdeka 2017 [145 gold medals for Merdeka 2017]. Malaysiakini. https://www.malaysiakini.com/sukan/393740

  • Buletin Utama. (2018, December 8). Banyak kelemahan dalam arena tenis kebangsaan [Many weaknesses in the national tennis arena; Video]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1088734417966142

  • Carolina-Paludo, A., Nunes-Rabelo, F., Maciel-Batista, M., Rúbila-Maciel, I., Peikriszwili-Tartaruga, M., & Simões, A. C. (2020). Game location effect on pre-competition cortisol concentration and anxiety state: A case study in a futsal team. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 29, 105-112.

  • Chua, Y. P. (2014). Asas statistik penyelidikan: Kaedah dan statistik penyelidikan [Fundamentals of research statistics: Research methods and statistics]. McGraw-Hill Education (Malaysia).

  • Cox, R. H. (1998). Sport psychology: Concepts and applications. McGraw-hill.

  • Doron, J., & Martinent, G. (2016). Trajectories of psychological states of women elite fencers during the final stages of international matches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(9), 836-842. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1075056

  • Fernández-Fernández, J., Ulbricht, A., & Ferrauti, A. (2014). Fitness testing of tennis players: How valuable is it? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(Suppl 1), i22-i31. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-093152

  • Gardner, F. L., & Moore, Z. E. (2017). The psychology of enhancing human performance: The mindfulness-acceptance-commitment (MAC) approach. Springer Publishing Company.

  • Hamilton, P. J., & White, K. M. (2022). Challenges in measuring sports anxiety: A review. Journal of Anxiety and Performance, 4(1), 45-59.

  • Hanton, S., Neil, R., & Mellalieu, S. D. (2008). Recent developments in competitive anxiety direction and competition stress research. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(1), 45-57. https://doi.org/10.1080/17509840701827445

  • Jarvis, M. (2002). Sport psychology. Routledge.

  • Jastari, J., Nazarudin, M. N., & Noordin, Z. (2023). Pre-competition anxiety levels among Rahim Kajai College athletes in intercollegiate sports competitions. Jurnal Personalia Pelajar, 26(1), 151-159. https://doi.org/10.17576/personalia.2601.2023.04

  • John, S., Verma, S. K., & Khanna, G. L. (2011). The effect of mindfulness meditation on HPA-Axis in pre-competition stress in sports performance of elite shooters. National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine, 2(3), 15-21.

  • Jones, B. J., Kaur, S., Miller, M., & Spencer, R. M. C. (2020). Mindfulness-based stress reduction benefits psychological well-being, sleep quality, and athletic performance in female collegiate rowers. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(September), Article 572980. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.572980

  • Jones, G. (2000). Stress and anxiety. In S. J. Bull (Ed.), Sport psychology: A self-help guide (pp. 31-51). Crowood.

  • Judge, L. W., Urbina, L. J Hoover, D. L., Craig, B. W Judge, L. M., Leitzelar, B. M. Pearson, D. R., Holtzclaw, K. A., & Bellar, D. M. (2016). The impact of competitive trait anxiety on collegiate powerlifting performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(9), 2399-2405. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001363

  • Juspah, S. N., Nazarudin, M. N., Noordin, Z., Mazalan, N. S., & Pa, W. A. M. W. (2023). Motivation of sports participation among sports and recreation students at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 12(3), 89-98.

  • Kang, H., & Jang, S. (2018). Effects of competition anxiety on self-confidence in soccer players: Modulation effects of home and away games. Journal of Men’s Health, 14(3), 62-68. https://doi.org/10.22374/1875-6859.14.3.9

  • Kerketta, I. (2015). A comparative study of sports competition anxiety between district levels male volleyball and soccer players. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 1(3), 53-55.

  • Kibler, B. (2009). The 4000-watt tennis player: power development for tennis. Medicine Science Tennis, 14, 5-8.

  • Kibler, B. (2014). Understanding the kinetic chain in tennis performance and injury. Aspetar: Sports Medicine Journal 3, 492-497.

  • Kumar, A. (2017). Pre-competitive anxiety: An emotional experience and its pitfalls. Health, 3, 303-304.

  • Kumar, S., & Lee, H. (2023). Cultural influences on sports anxiety: A comparative study. International Journal of Sports Psychology, 54(1), 75-89.

  • Landlinger, J., Stöggl, T., Lindinger, S., Wagner, H., & Müller, E. (2012). Differences in ball speed and accuracy of tennis groundstrokes between elite and high-performance players. European Journal of Sport Science, 12(4), 301-308. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2011.566363

  • Liu, F., Zhang, X., & Wei, L. (2022). Cognitive-behavioral strategies in managing pre-competition anxiety among athletes: A meta-analysis. Performance Psychology Journal, 29(4), 210-225.

  • Mahadevan, S., & Halankar, P. (2021). A comparative study of pre-competitive anxiety level between male and female intercollegiate baseball players of Goa. International Journal of Research Pedagogy and Technology in Education and Movement Sciences, 10(02), 1-7.

  • Marih, H., Nazarudin, M. N., & Noordin, Z. (2023). The motivation influence on level of physical activity among UKM students bachelor degree in sports and recreation education. Jurnal Personalia Pelajar, 26(1), 139-150. https://doi.org/10.17576/personalia.2601.2023.02

  • Martens, R., Vealey, R. S., & Burton, D. (1990). Competitive anxiety in sport. Human Kinetics.

  • Martinent, G., Ferrand, C., Guillet, E., & Gautheur, S. (2010). Validation of the French version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 Revised (CSAI-2R) including frequency and direction scales. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 11(1), 51-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2009.05.001

  • Martinez, L., & Scott, D. (2021). The relationship between cognitive and somatic anxiety and athletic performance: A review. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 20(3), 567-582. https://doi.org/10.1056/jssm.2021.20.3.567

  • Mavvidis, A., Stamboulis, A., Dimitriou, V., & Giampanidoy, A. (2010). Differences in forehand and backhand performance in young tennis players. Studies in Physical Culture and Tourism, 17(4), 315-319.

  • Misran, R. N., Khaiyom, J. H. A., & Razali, Z. A. (2021). The role of religiosity to address the mental health crisis of students: A study on three parameters (anxiety, depression, and stress). Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 29(4), 2833-2851. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.29.4.40

  • Mohebi, M., Zandi, A. G., Zarei, S., & Zandi, H. G. (2019). Self-compassion and pre-competition anxiety in martial arts student players. Sport Sciences and Health Research, 11(2), 97-104. https://doi.org/10.32598/JESM.11.2.4

  • Mojtahedi, D., Dagnall, N., Denovan, A., Clough, P., Dewhurst, S., Hillier, M., Papageorgiou, K., & Perry, J. (2023). Competition anxiety in combat sports and the importance of mental toughness. Behavioral Sciences, 13(9), Article 713. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13090713

  • Morales, P., & Fernandez, I. (2023). Effectiveness of anxiety management programs on tennis performance: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Sports Sciences, 41(6), 678-689.

  • Muhamad, T. A., Rashid, A. A., Razak, M. R. A., & Salamuddin, N. (2011). A comparative study of backhand strokes in tennis among national tennis players in Malaysia. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 3495-3499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.324

  • Mullen, R., & Hardy, L. (2000). State anxiety and motor performance: Testing the conscious processing hypothesis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(10), 785-799. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404100419847

  • Muñoz, A. S., Cayetano, A. R., Calle, R. C., Blanco, J. M. F., Ramos, J. M. D. M., Vicente, R. A., & Muñoz, S. P. (2017). Female Spanish athletes face pre-competition anxiety at the highest levels of competition. Revista de Psicología Del Deporte, 26(4), 39-44.

  • Nguyen, Q., & Tran, P. (2023). The impact of cross-sectional study designs in sports psychology research: A critical analysis. Methodological Advances in Sports Psychology, 12(1), 22-35.

  • Pa, W. A. M. W., Zin, M., Salamuddin, N., & Lian, D. K. C. (2021). The effect of sports massage towards cortisol and pre-competition anxiety among Malaysian elite tennis athlete. Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 27(2), 1518-1528.

  • Patel, R., & Smith, J. (2024). Personalizing anxiety management for athletes: Emerging trends and strategies. Contemporary Psychology, 45(1), 98-112.

  • Radzi, J. A., Yusuf, S. M., Amir, N. H., & Mansor, S. H. (2018). Relationship of pre-competition anxiety and cortisol response in individual and team sport athletes. In R. Saian & M. Abbas (Eds.), Proceedings of the Second International Conference on the Future of ASEAN (ICoFA) 2017, 2: Science and Technology (pp. 719-727). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8471-3_70

  • Roberts, T., & Jackson, L. (2022). Expanding cultural diversity in sports: Implications for team performance and athlete development. Journal of Sport Psychology, 34(2), 112-128.

  • Roetert, E. P., & Kovacs, M. (2019). Tennis anatomy. Human Kinetics.

  • Saadan, R., Hooi, L. B., & Ali, H. M. (2015). Hubungan antara kebimbangan pra pertandingan dan orientasi matlamat dalam kalangan atlet hoki [The relationship between competitive anxiety and goal orientation among hockey athletes]. Journal of Human Capital Development, 8(2), 37-48.

  • Saadan, R., Hooi, L. B., Ali, H. M., Bokhari, M., & Abdullah, N. (2016). Perbandingan tahap kebimbangan pra-pertandingan dalam kalangan atlet hoki Majlis Sukan Sekolah Malaysia [Comparison of pre-competition anxiety levels among Malaysian School Sports Council hockey athletes]. Jurnal ILMI, 1(1), 43-54.

  • Şekeroğlu, M. Ö. (2019). An examination of the pre-competition and post-competition state anxiety levels of Russian women’s national volleyball team athletes. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 7(5), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i5.4185

  • Singh, V., & Gupta, R. (2023). Pre-competition anxiety and its impact on sports performance: A review of mediating factors. Journal of Sports Psychology and Performance, 30(3), 275-288.

  • Souza, R. A., Beltran, O. A., Zapata, D. M., Silva, E., Freitas, W. Z., Junior, R. V, da Silva, F. F., & Higino, W. P. (2019). Heart rate variability, salivary cortisol and competitive state anxiety responses during pre-competition and pre-training moments. Biology of Sport, 36(1), 39-46. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2018.78905

  • Spielberger, C. D. (2021). Stress and anxiety in sports. In D. Hackfort & C. D. Spielberger (Eds.), Anxiety in sports (pp. 3-17). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315781594-2

  • Sutarsyah, C. (2017). An analysis of student’s speaking anxiety and its effect on speaking performance. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 1(2), 143-152. https://doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v1i2.14

  • Turksoy, A., Bayansalduz, M., Altinci, E. E., & Atikir, A. (2012). Comparison of pré and post-anxiety levels of volleyball players aged 11-14. International Journal of Academic Research, 4(1), 143-147.

  • Uphill, M. A., Rossato, C. J., Swain, J., & O’Driscoll, J. (2019). Challenge and threat: A critical review of the literature and an alternative conceptualization. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, Article 1255. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01255

  • Vergauwen, L., Madou, B., & Behets, D. (2004). Authentic evaluation of forehand groundstrokes in young low- to intermediate-level tennis players. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 36(12), 2099-2106. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000147583.13209.61

  • Weinberg, R. S., & Gould, D. (2015). Foundations of sport and exercise psychology (6th ed.). Human Kinetics.

  • Woodman, T., & Hardy, L. (2003). The relative impact of cognitive anxiety and self-confidence upon sport performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(6), 443-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000101809

  • Yang, H., Wen, X., & Xu, F. (2020). The influence of positive emotion and sports hope on pre-competition state anxiety in martial arts players. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, Article 1460. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01460

  • Zhang, Y., & Wang, X. (2024). Longitudinal designs to explore causal relationships between pre-competition anxiety and tennis performance. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 32(2), 123-135.

ISSN 0128-7702

e-ISSN 2231-8534

Article ID

JSSH-8974-2023

Download Full Article PDF

Share this article

Related Articles