Fatty acid profile of Canarium schweinfurthii mesocarp oil was determined by GC-MS. Sulphonated fatliquor was synthesized from the oil and characterized by FT-IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and DSC. The fatliquor was applied onto light leather in the processing of leather shoe upper and physical tests carried out on the fixed leather. The sulphonated C. schweinfurthii mesocarp oil had good characteristics as a leather fatliquor as shown by the physical and strength properties of the fatliquored leather. In addition, a significantly opened up structure of the leather treated with the prepared sulphonated oil was observed as indicated from the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images. The features of the processed trial leathers were comparable with similar leather made with commercially available fatliquor.